| |||||
|
| Reservations | Contents |
|
7 RealisationSri Bhagavaan Uvaacha:
Mayyaasaktamanaah paartha yogam yunjanmadaashrayah; The Blessed Lord said: 1. Arjuna, hear how you shall without doubt know me fully, with the mind intent on me, practising Yoga and taking refuge in me!
Jnaanam te'ham savijnaanam idam vakshyaamyasheshatah; 2. I shall declare to you in full this knowledge combined with direct realisation, after knowing which nothing more here remains to be known.
Manushyaanaam sahasreshu kashchidyatati siddhaye; 3. Among thousands of men, one perchance strives for perfection; even among those successful strivers, only one perchance knows me in essence.
Bhoomiraapo'nalo vaayuh kham mano buddhireva cha; 4. Earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intellect and egoism – thus is my Nature divided eightfold.
Apareyamitastwanyaam prakritim viddhi me paraam; 5. This is the inferior Prakriti, mighty-armed (Arjuna)! Know as different from it my higher Prakriti (Nature), the very life-element by which this world is upheld.
Etadyoneeni bhootaani sarvaaneetyupadhaaraya; 6. Know that these two (my higher and lower Natures) are the womb of all beings. So, I am the source and dissolution of the whole universe.
Mattah parataram naanyat kinchidasti dhananjaya; 7. There is nothing higher than me, Arjuna! All this is strung on me as clusters of gems on a string.
Raso'hamapsu kaunteya prabhaasmi shashisooryayoh; 8. I am the sapidity in water, Arjuna! I am the light in the moon and the sun; I am the syllable Om in all the Vedas, sound in ether, and virility in men.
Punyo gandhah prithivyaam cha tejashchaasmi vibhaavasau; 9. I am the sweet fragrance in earth and the brilliance in fire, the life in all beings; and I am austerity in ascetics.
Beejam maam sarvabhootaanaam viddhi paartha sanaatanam; 10. Know me, Arjuna, as the eternal seed of all beings; I am the intelligence of the intelligent; the splendour of the splendid objects am I!
Balam balavataam asmi kaamaraagavivarjitam; 11. Of the strong, I am the strength devoid of desire and attachment, and in (all) beings, I am the desire unopposed to Dharma, Arjuna!
you chaiva saattvikaa bhaavaa raajasaastaamasaashcha you; 12. Whatever being (and objects) that are pure, active and inert, know that they proceed from me. They are in me, yet I am not in them.
Tribhirgunamayair bhaavairebhih sarvamidam jagat; 13. Deluded by these Natures (states or things) composed of the three qualities of Nature, all this world does not know me as distinct from them and immutable.
Daivee hyeshaa gunamayee mama maayaa duratyayaa; 14. Verily this divine illusion of Mine made up of the qualities (of Nature) is difficult to cross over; those who take refuge in me alone cross over this illusion.
Na maam dushkritino moodhaah prapadyante naraadhamaah; 15. The evil-doers and the deluded, who are the lowest of men, do not seek me; they whose knowledge is destroyed by illusion follow the ways of demons.
Chaturvidhaa bhajante maam janaah sukritino'rjuna; 16. Four kinds of virtuous men worship me, Arjuna! They are the distressed, the seeker of knowledge, the seeker of wealth, and the wise, lord of the Bharatas!
Teshaam jnaanee nityayukta eka bhaktirvishishyate; 17. Of them, the wise, ever steadfast and devoted to the One, excels (is the best); for, I am exceedingly dear to the wise and he is dear to me.
Udaaraah sarva evaite jnaanee twaatmaiva me matam; 18. Noble indeed are all these; but I deem the wise man as my very Self; for, steadfast in mind, he is established in me alone as the supreme goal.
Bahoonaam janmanaamante jnaanavaanmaam prapadyate; 19. At the end of many births the wise man comes to me, realising that all this is Vasudeva (the innermost Self); such a great soul (Mahatma) is very hard to find.
Kaamaistaistairhritajnaanaah prapadyante'nyadevataah; 20. Those whose wisdom has been rent away by this or that desire, go to other gods, following this or that rite, led by their own nature.
Yo yo yaam yaam tanum bhaktah shraddhayaarchitum icchati; 21. Whatever form any devotee desires to worship with faith – that (same) faith of his I make firm and unflinching.
Sa tayaa shraddhayaa yuktastasyaaraadhanameehate; 22. Endowed with that faith, he engages in the worship of that (form), and from it he obtains his desire, these being verily ordained by me (alone).
Antavattu phalam teshaam tadbhavatyalpamedhasaam; 23. Verily the reward (fruit) that accrues to those men of small intelligence is finite. The worshippers of the gods go to them, but my devotees come to me.
Avyaktam vyaktimaapannam manyante maamabuddhayah; 24. The foolish think of me, the Unmanifest, as having manifestation, knowing not my higher, immutable and most excellent nature.
Naaham prakaashah sarvasya yogamaayaasamaavritah; 25. I am not manifest to all (as I am), being veiled by the Yoga Maya. This deluded world does not know me, the unborn and imperishable.
Vedaaham samateetaani vartamaanaani chaarjuna; 26. I know, Arjuna, the beings of the past, the present and the future, but no one knows me.
Icchaadweshasamutthena dwandwamohena bhaarata; 27. By the delusion of the pairs of opposites arising from desire and aversion, Bharata, all beings are subject to delusion at birth, Parantapa!
Yeshaam twantagatam paapam janaanaam punyakarmanaam; 28. But those men of virtuous deeds whose sins have come to an end, and who are freed from the delusion of the pairs of opposites, worship me, steadfast in their vows.
Jaraamaranamokshaaya maamaashritya yatanti you; 29. Those who strive for liberation from old age and death, taking refuge in me, realise in full that Brahman, the whole knowledge of the Self and all action.
Saadhibhootaadhidaivam maam saadhiyajnam cha ye viduh; 30. Those who know me with the Adhibhuta (pertaining to the elements), the Adhidaiva (pertaining to the gods), and Adhiyajna (pertaining to the sacrifice), know me even at the time of death, steadfast in mind.
8 BrahmanArjuna Uvaacha:
Kim tadbrahma kim adhyaatmam kim karma purushottama; Arjuna said: 1. What is that Brahman? What is Adhyatma? What is action, best among men? What is declared to be Adhibhuta? And what is Adhidaiva said to be?
Adhiyajnah katham ko'tra dehe'smin madhusoodana; 2. Who and how is Adhiyajna here in this body, destroyer of Madhu (Krishna)? And how, at the time of death, are you to be known by the self-controlled one? Sri Bhagavaan Uvaacha:
Aksharam brahma paramam swabhaavo'dhyaatmamuchyate; The Blessed Lord said: 3. Brahman is the Imperishable, the Supreme; his essential nature is called Self-knowledge; the offering (to the gods) which causes existence and manifestation of beings and which also sustains them is called action.
Adhibhootam ksharo bhaavah purushashchaadhidaivatam; 4. Adhibhuta (knowledge of the elements) pertains to my perishable Nature, and the Purusha or soul is the Adhidaiva; I alone am the Adhiyajna here in this body, best among the embodied (men)!
Antakaale cha maameva smaran muktwaa kalevaram; 5. And whoever, leaving the body, goes forth remembering me alone at the time of death, he attains my Being; there is no doubt about this.
Yam yam vaapi smaran bhaavam tyajatyante kalevaram; 6. Whoever at the end leaves the body, thinking of any being, to that being only does he go, son of Kunti (Arjuna), because of his constant thought of that being!
Tasmaat sarveshu kaaleshu maamanusmara yudhya cha; 7. Therefore, at all times remember me only and fight. With mind and intellect fixed (or absorbed) in me, you shall doubtless come to me alone.
Abhyaasayogayuktena chetasaa naanyagaaminaa; 8. With the mind not moving towards any other thing, made steadfast by the method of habitual meditation, and constantly meditating, one goes to the Supreme Person, the Resplendent, Arjuna!
Kavim puraanamanushaasitaaram 9. Whoever meditates on the Omniscient, the Ancient, the ruler (of the whole world), minuter than an atom, the supporter of all, of inconceivable form, effulgent like the sun and beyond the darkness of ignorance,
Prayaanakaale manasaachalena 10. At the time of death, with unshaken mind, endowed with devotion and by the power of Yoga, fixing the whole life-breath in the middle of the two eyebrows, he reaches that resplendent Supreme Person.
Yadaksharam vedavido vadanti 11. That which is declared imperishable by those who know the Vedas, that which the self-controlled (ascetics) and passion-free enter, that desiring which celibacy is practised – that goal I will declare to you in brief.
Sarvadwaaraani samyamya mano hridi nirudhya cha; 12. Having closed all the gates, confined the mind in the heart and fixed the life-breath in the head, engaged in the practice of concentration,
Omityekaaksharam brahma vyaaharan maamanusmaran; 13. Uttering the monosyllable Om – the Brahman – remembering me always, he who departs thus, leaving the body, attains to the supreme goal.
Ananyachetaah satatam yo maam smarati nityashah; 14. I am easily attainable by that ever-steadfast yogi who constantly and daily remembers me (for a long time), not thinking of anything else (with a single or one-pointed mind), Partha (Arjuna)!
Maamupetya punarjanma duhkhaalayamashaashwatam; 15. Having attained me these great souls do not again take birth (here), which is the place of pain and is non-eternal; they have reached the highest perfection (liberation).
Aabrahmabhuvanaallokaah punaraavartino'rjuna; 16. (All) the worlds, including the world of Brahma, are subject to return again, Arjuna! But he who reaches me, son of Kunti, has no rebirth!
Sahasrayugaparyantam aharyad brahmano viduh; 17. Those who know the day of Brahma, which is of a duration of a thousand Yugas (ages), and the night, which is also of a thousand Yugas' duration, they know day and night.
Avyaktaadvyaktayah sarvaah prabhavantyaharaagame; 18. From the unmanifested all the manifested (worlds) proceed at the coming of the "day"; at the coming of the "night" they dissolve verily into that alone which is called the unmanifested.
Bhootagraamah sa evaayam bhootwaa bhootwaa praleeyate; 19. This same multitude of beings, born again and again, is dissolved, helplessly, Arjuna, (into the unmanifested) at the coming of the night, and comes forth at the coming of the day!
Parastasmaat tu bhaavo'nyo'vyakto'vyaktaatsanaatanah; 20. But verily there exists, higher than the unmanifested, another unmanifested Eternal who is not destroyed when all beings are destroyed.
Avyakto'kshara ityuktastamaahuh paramaam gatim; 21. What is called the Unmanifested and the Imperishable, That they say is the highest goal (path). They who reach it do not return (to this cycle of births and deaths). That is my highest abode (place or state).
Purushah sa parah paartha bhaktyaa labhyastwananyayaa; 22. That highest Purusha, Arjuna, is attainable by unswerving devotion to him alone within whom all beings dwell and by whom all this is pervaded.
Yatra kaale twanaavrittim aavrittim chaiva yoginah; 23. Now I will tell you, chief of the Bharatas, the times departing at which the yogis will return or not return!
Agnijyotirahah shuklah shanmaasaa uttaraayanam; 24. Fire, light, daytime, the bright fortnight, the six months of the northern path of the sun (northern solstice) – departing then (by these), men who know Brahman go to Brahman.
Dhoomo raatristathaa krishnah shanmaasaa dakshinaayanam; 25. Attaining to the lunar light by smoke, night-time, the dark fortnight or the six months of the southern path of the sun (the southern solstice), the yogi returns.
Shuklakrishne gatee hyete jagatah shaashwate mate; 26. The bright and the dark paths of the world are verily thought to be eternal; by the one (the bright path) a person goes not to return again, and by the other (the dark path) he returns.
Naite sritee paartha jaanan yogee muhyati kashchana; 27. Knowing these paths, Arjuna, no yogi is deluded! Therefore, at all times be steadfast in Yoga.
Vedeshu yajneshu tapahsu chaiva 28. Whatever fruits or merits is declared (in the scriptures) to accrue from (the study of) the Vedas (the performance of) sacrifices, (the practice of) austerities, and (the offering of) gifts – beyond all these goes the yogi, having known this; and he attains to the supreme primeval (first or ancient) Abode.
9 The Kingly Science and SecretSri Bhagavaan Uvaacha:
Idam tu te guhyatamam pravakshyaamyanasooyave; The Blessed Lord said: 1. I shall now declare to you who does not cavil, the greatest secret, the knowledge combined with experience (Self-realisation). Having known this, you shall be free from evil.
Raajavidyaa raajaguhyam pavitramidamuttamam; 2. This is the kingly science, the kingly secret, the supreme purifier, realisable by direct intuitional knowledge, according to righteousness, very easy to perform and imperishable.
Ashraddhadhaanaah purushaa dharmasyaasya parantapa; 3. Those who have no faith in this Dharma (knowledge of the Self), Parantapa (Arjuna), return to the path of this world of death without attaining me!
Mayaa tatamidam sarvam jagadavyaktamoortinaa; 4. All this world is pervaded by me in my unmanifest aspect; all beings exist in me, but I do not dwell in them.
Na cha matsthaani bhootaani pashya me yogamaishwaram; 5. Nor do beings exist in me (in reality): behold my divine Yoga, supporting all beings, but not dwelling in them, is my Self, the efficient cause of beings.
Yathaakaashasthito nityam vaayuh sarvatrago mahaan; 6. As the mighty wind, moving everywhere, rests always in the ether, even so, know that all beings rest in me.
Sarvabhootaani kaunteya prakritim yaanti maamikaam; 7. All beings, Arjuna, enter into my Nature at the end of a Kalpa; I send them forth again at the beginning of (the next) Kalpa!
Prakritim swaamavashtabhya visrijaami punah punah; 8. Animating my Nature, I again and again send forth all this multitude of beings, helpless by the force of Nature.
Na cha maam taani karmaani nibadhnanti dhananjaya; 9. These actions do not bind me, Arjuna, sitting like one indifferent, unattached to those acts!
Mayaa'dhyakshena prakritih sooyate sacharaacharam; 10. Under me as supervisor, Nature produces the moving and the unmoving; because of this, Arjuna, the world revolves!
Avajaananti maam moodhaah maanusheem tanumaashritam; 11. Fools disregard me, clad in human form, not knowing my higher Being as the great Lord of (all) beings.
Moghaashaa moghakarmaano moghajnaanaa vichetasah; 12. Of vain hopes, of vain actions, of vain knowledge and senseless, they verily are possessed of the deceitful nature of demons and undivine beings.
Mahaatmaanastu maam paartha daiveem prakritimaashritaah; 13. But the great souls, Arjuna, partaking of my divine nature, worship me with a single mind (with the mind devoted to nothing else), knowing me as the imperishable source of beings!
Satatam keertayanto maam yatantashcha dridhavrataah; 14. Always glorifying me, striving, firm in vows, prostrating before me, they worship me with devotion, ever steadfast.
Jnaanayajnena chaapyanye yajanto maamupaasate; 15. Others also, sacrificing with the wisdom-sacrifice, worship me, the all-faced, as one, as distinct, and as manifold.
Aham kraturaham yajnah swadhaa'hamahamaushadham; 16. I am the Kratu; I am the Yajna; I am the offering (food) to the manes; I am the medicinal herb and all the plants; I am the Mantra; I am also the ghee or melted butter; I am the fire; I am the oblation.
Pitaahamasya jagato maataa dhaataa pitaamahah; 17. I am the father of this world, the mother, the dispenser of the fruits of actions, and the grandfather; the (one) thing to be known, the purifier, the sacred monosyllable (Om), and also the Rig-, the Sama- and Yajur Vedas.
Gatirbhartaa prabhuh saakshee nivaasah sharanam suhrit; 18. I am the goal, the support, the Lord, the witness, the abode, the shelter, the friend, the origin, the dissolution, the foundation, the treasure-house and the imperishable seed.
Tapaamyahamaham varsham nigrihnaamyutsrijaami cha; 19. (As the sun) I give heat; I withhold and send forth the rain; I am immortality and also death, existence and non-existence, Arjuna!
Traividyaa maam somapaah pootapaapaa 20. The knowers of the three Vedas, the drinkers of Soma, purified of all sins, worshipping me by sacrifices, pray for the way to heaven; they reach the holy world of the Lord of the gods and enjoy in heaven the divine pleasures of the gods.
Te tam bhuktwaa swargalokam vishaalam 21. They, having enjoyed the vast heaven, enter the world of mortals when their merits are exhausted; thus abiding by the injunctions of the three (Vedas) and desiring (objects of) desires, they attain to the state of going and returning.
Ananyaashchintayanto maam ye janaah paryupaasate; 22. To those men who worship me alone, thinking of no other, of those ever united, I secure what is not already possessed and preserve what they already possess.
you'pyanyadevataa bhaktaa yajante shraddhayaa'nvitaah; 23. Even those devotees who, endowed with faith, worship other gods, worship me only, Arjuna, but by the wrong method!
Aham hi sarvayajnaanaam bhoktaa cha prabhureva cha; 24. (For) I alone am the enjoyer and also the Lord of all sacrifices; but they do not know me in essence (in reality), and hence they fall (return to this mortal world).
Yaanti devavrataa devaan pitreen yaanti pitrivrataah; 25. The worshippers of the gods go to them; to the manes go the ancestor-worshippers; to the Deities who preside over the elements go their worshippers; my devotees come to me.
Patram pushpam phalam toyam yo me bhaktyaa prayacchati; 26. Whoever offers me with devotion and a pure mind (heart), a leaf, a flower, a fruit or a little water – I accept (this offering).
Yatkaroshi yadashnaasi yajjuhoshi dadaasi yat; 27. Whatever you do whatever you eat, whatever you offer in sacrifice, whatever you give, whatever you practise as austerity, Arjuna, do it as an offering to me!
Shubhaashubhaphalairevam mokshyase karmabandhanaih; 28. Thus shall you be freed from the bonds of actions yielding good and evil fruits; with the mind steadfast in the Yoga of renunciation, and liberated, you shall come to me.
Samo'ham sarvabhooteshu na me dweshyo'sti na priyah; 29. The same am I to all beings; to me there is none hateful or dear; but those who worship me with devotion are in me and I am also in them.
Api chet suduraachaaro bhajate maamananyabhaak; 30. Even if the most sinful worships me, with devotion to none else, he too should indeed be regarded as righteous, for he has rightly resolved.
Kshipram bhavati dharmaatmaa shashwacchaantim nigacchati; 31. Soon he becomes righteous and attains to eternal peace; Arjuna, know for certain that my devotee is never destroyed!
Maam hi paartha vyapaashritya you'pi syuh paapayonayah; 32. For, taking refuge in me, they also, who, Arjuna, may be of sinful birth – women, Vaisyas as well as Sudras – attain the Supreme Goal!
Kim punarbraahmanaah punyaa bhaktaa raajarshayastathaa; 33. How much more easily then the holy Brahmins and devoted royal saints (attain the goal); having obtained this impermanent and unhappy world, worship me.
Manmanaa bhava madbhakto madyaajee maam namaskuru; 34. Fix your mind on me; be devoted to me; sacrifice to me; bow down to me; having thus united your whole self with me, taking me as the Supreme Goal, you shall verily come to me. |
